LAW OF MALAYSIA Act 575 ANTI-CORRUPTION ACT 1997 An Act to establish the Anti-Corruption Agency, to make further and better provisions for the prevention of corruption  and for matters necessary thereto or connected therewith. BE IT ENACTED by the Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong with the advice and  consent of the Dewan Negara and Dewan Rakyat in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows: PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1 This Act may be cited as the Anti-Corruption Act 1997 and shall come into force on a date to be appointed by the Minister by notification in the Gazette. Section 2 In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires "Agency" means the Anti- Corruption Agency established under section 3; "agent" means any person employed by or acting for another, and includes an officer of a public body or an officer serving in or under any public body, a trustee, an administrator or executor of the estate of a deceased person, a sub-contractor,  an any person employed by or acting for such trustee, administrator or executor, or sub-contractor; "associate", in relation to a person, means: (a) any person who is a nominee or an employee of such person; (b) any person who manages the affairs of such person; (c) any firm of which such person, or any nominee of his, is a partner or a person in charge or in control of its business or affairs; any corporation within the meaning of the Companies Act 19651, (d) of which such person, or any nominee of his, is a director or is in charge or in control of its business or 1 Act No. 125/1965 1 affairs, or in which such person, alone  or together with any nominee of his, has or have a controlling interest, or shares to the total value of not less than thirty per centum of the total issued capital of the corporation; or (e) the trustee of any trust, where: (i) the trust has been created by such person; or (ii) the total value of the assets contributed by such person to the trust at any time, whether before or after the creation of the trust, amounts, at any time, to not less than twenty per centum of the total value of the assets of the trust; "bank" means a bank, a finance  company,  a merchant bank,  or a discount house, licensed under the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 19892,  or any other financial institution established or licensed under any other written law or any co-operative society registered or deemed to have been registered under the Co-operative Societies Act 1993  3; "banker's book" includes ledgers, day books, cash books, account books and all other books and documents used in the ordinary course of business of a bank; "business" means any activity carried on for the purpose of gain or profit and includes all property derived from or used in or for the purpose of carrying on such activity, and all the rights and liabilities arising from such activity; "dealing" includes- (a) any purchase, sale, loan, charge, mortgage, lien, pledge, caveat, transfer, delivery, assignment, subrogation, transmission, gift, donation,  trust,  settlement,  deposit, withdrawal, transfer between accounts, of extension of credit; (b) any agency or grant of power of attorney; and (c) any act which results in any right, interest, title or privilege, whether present or future or whether vested or contingent, in the whole of or in part any property being conferred on any person; "Director-General" means the Director-General of the Agency appointed under subsection 3(2); 2 Act No. 372/1989 3 Act No. 502/1993 2 "financial institution" means any person, which, in fact, lawfully or unlawfully, carries on any banking business or finance company business as defined in the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 19894; "gratification" means; (a) money, donation, gift, loan, fee, reward, valuable security, property or interest in property being property of any description whether movable or immovable, or any other similar advantage; (b) any office, dignity, employment, contract of employment or services, and any agreement to give employment or render services in any capacity; (c) any payment, release, discharge or liquidation of any loan, obligation or other liability, whether in whole or in part; (d) any valuable consideration of any kind, any discount, commission, rebate, bonus, deduction or percentage; (e) any forbearance to demand any money or money's worth or valuable thing; (f) any other service or favour of any description, such as protection from any penalty or disability incurred or apprehended or from any action or proceedings of a disciplinary, civil or criminal nature, whether or not already instituted, and including the exercise or the forbearance from the exercise of any right or any official power or duty; and (g) any offer, undertaking or promise, whether conditional or  unconditional,  of any gratification within the meaning of any of the preceding paragraphs (a) to (f); "local authority" has the meaning assigned to it in section 2 of the Local Government Act 19765; 4 Act No. 372/1989 5 Act No. 171/1976. 3 "member of the administration" has the meaning assigned to it in Clause 160(2) of the Federal Constitution; "member of a State Legislative Assembly" includes an officer of a public body who is a member of a State Executive Council by virtue of his office; "Minister" means the Minister who is responsible for the Anti-Corruption Agency; "Monetary instrument" means coin or  currency  of Malaysia or  of any  other country, traveller's cheque, personal cheque, bank cheque, money order, investment security or negotiable instrument in bearer form or otherwise in such form that title thereto passes upon delivery or upon delivery and endorsement; "offence under this Act" includes a prescribed offence; "officer of the Agency" includes the Director-General and any officer appointed under subsection 4(1); "officer of a public body" means any person who is a member, an officer, an employee or a servant of a public body, and includes a member of the administration, a member of Parliament, a member of a State Legislative Assembly, a judge of the High Court, Court of Appeal or Federal Court, and any person receiving any remuneration from public funds, and, where the public body is a corporation sole, includes the person who is incorporated as such; "prescribed offence" means; (a) an offence punishable under section 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 213, 214 or 215 of the Penal Code6; (b) an offence punishable under section 137 of the Customs Act 19677; (c) an offence under Part III of the Election Offences Act 1954; (d) any offence prescribed by the Minister under subsection 60(1); (e) an attempt to commit any of the offences as provided for in paragraphs (a) to (d); or (f) an abetment of or a criminal conspiracy to commit (as those terms are defined in the penal Code) any of the offences as provided for in paragraphs (a) to (d), whether or not 6 Act No. 574 Penal Code. 7 Act No. 235/1967, Section 137. 4 the offence is committed in consequence thereof; "principal"  includes any employer, any beneficiary under a trust, any trust estate, any person beneficially interested in the estate of a deceased person, the estate of a deceased person, and, in the case of any person serving in or under a public body, the public body; "property" means real or  personal property of every description, including  money, whether situated in Malaysia or elsewhere, whether tangible or intangible, and includes an interest in any such real or personal property; "public body" includes; (a) the Government of Malaysia; (b) the Government of a State; (c) any local authority and any other statutory authority; (d) any department, service or undertaking of the Government of Malaysia, the Government of a State, or a local authority; (e) any company over which any public body as is referred to in paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d) has controlling power; or (f) any society, union, organisation or body as the Minister may prescribe from time to time by order published in the Gazette; "purchaser in good faith for valuable consideration" means any transferee, assignee, chargee, mortgagee, pledgee, holder of a lien, or lessee, of any property where the transfer,  assignment,  charge, mortgage, pledge, lien, or lease was obtained by him for adequate consideration in money or money's worth, without notice that the property was obtained in consequence of the commission of any offence under this Act; "relative", in relation to a person, means; (a) a spouse of the person; (b) a brother or sister of the person; (c) a brother or sister of the spouse of the person; or (d) any lineal ascendant or descendant of the person; 5 "senior officer of the Agency" means  the  Director-General, and includes a Commissioner,  a Deputy Commissioner, a  Senior  Assistant  Commissioner, an Assistant Commissioner, a Senior Superintendent and a Superintendent  of the Agency appointed under subsection 4(1); "statutory authority" means an authority,  whether consisting of a single person or a body of persons, established  by Federal  or  State  law  and  exercising powers, discharging duties or performing functions conferred upon the authority by any Federal or State law. PART II ESTABLISHMENT OF AGENCY, APPOINTMENTS AND POWERS Section 3 1. For the purpose of this Act, there is hereby established the Anti-Corruption Agency. 2. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong shall, on the advice of the Prime Minister, appoint a Director-General of the Anti-Corruption Agency from among members of the public services for such period and on such terms and conditions as may be specified in the instrument of appointment. 3. The period of appointment of the Director-General shall not extend beyond the date of his compulsory retirement from the public service, but where he so attains the age of compulsory retirement he may be re-appointed as Director-General by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, on the advice of the Prime Minister, on contract for such period and on such terms and conditions as may be specified in the instrument of appointment. 4. The Director-General shall, during the period of his appointment as set out in the instrument of appointment, hold office at the pleasure of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, subject to the advice of the Prime Minister. 5. The Director-General shall, during his term of office as such, be deemed to be a member of the general public service of the Federation for purposes of discipline. 6 6. The Director-General shall be responsible for the direction, control and supervision of all matters relating to the Agency. The Director-Gener8al shall, before assuming the 7. duties and responsibilities of his office, make in such manner as he may declare to be most binding on his conscience before the Yang di-Pertuan Agong such declaration as may be prescribed by the Minister by ules made under subsection 60(2). 8. There shall be issued to the Director-General a certificate of appointment in the form of an authority card as evidence of his appointment. 9. The person holding office as the Director-General of the Anti-Corruption Agency appointed under subsection 3(2) of the Anti-Corruption Agency Act 1982 immediately before the commencement of this Act shall, upon the commencement of this Act, be deemed to have been appointed Director-General under subsection (2) for the remainder of the period of his appointment under the 1982 Act, and the requirements of subsection (7) shall be deemed to have been satisfied. Section 4 1. There shall be appointed such number of Commissioners, Deputy Commissioners, Senior Assistant Commissioners,  Assistant  Commissioners,  Senior Superintendents, Superintendents, Senior Assistant Superintendents, Assistant Superintendents, Senior Investigators, and Investigators of the Agency as may be necessary for the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act. 2. An officer appointed under subsection (1) shall have such powers as may be provided for him under this Act and shall be subject to the direction, control and supervision of the Director-General or any other officer of the Agency superior to him in rank, and shall exercise his powers, perform his functions, and discharge his duties in compliance with such directions or instructions as may be specified orally or in writing by the Director-General or any other officer of the Agency superior to him in rank. 8 Act No. 271/1982, Subsection (3)2 7 3. All officers of the Agency appointed under subsection (1) shall be members of the general public service of the Federation. 4. Every officer of the Agency appointed under subsection (1) shall on first joining the Agency and before assuming the duties and responsibilities of his office make in such manner as he may declare to be most binding on his conscience before an officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Senior Superintendent such declaration as may be prescribed by the Minister by rules made under subsection 60(2). 5. A certificate of appointment in the form of an authority card shall be issued to every officer of the Agency appointed under subsection (1), and such card shall be signed by the Director-General and shall be prima facie evidence of the appointment under this Act. 6. Upon the commencement of this Act, every person holding an appointment under the Anti-Corruption Agency Act 19829 shall be deemed to be an officer of the Agency appointed under this section and the requirements of subsection (4) shall be deemed to have been satisfied, and every such officer shall hold such title of office under subsection (1) as may be determined by the Minister by notification in the Gazette. Section 5 Every officer of the Agency when acting under this Act shall , on demand, declare his office and produce to the person against whom he is acting or from whom he seeks any information the authority card issued to him under this Act. Section 6 Every officer of the Agency shall, for the purposes of this Act, be deemed to be always on duty when required to perform his duty or functions and may perform the duties and exercise the powers conferred on him under this Act or under any other written law at any place within or outside Malaysia. Section 7 1. In addition, and without prejudice, to the 9 Act No. 271/1982 8 powers, duties and functions conferred under this Act, an officer of the Agency shall have, for the purposes of this Act, all the powers and immunities of a police officer appointed under the Police Act 196710. 2. Without prejudice to the generality of subsection(1)- (a) an officer of the Agency of the rank of Superintendent and above shall have all the powers of a police officer of and above the rank of Assistant Superintendent of Police; (b) a Senior Assistant Superintendent and an Assistant Superintendent of the Agency shall have all the powers of a police officer of and above the rank of Inspector; and (c) a Senior Investigator and an Investigator shall have all the powers of a police officer of and above the rank of Sergeant. 3. Where in the course of any investigation or proceedings in court in respect of the commission of an offence under this Act by any person, there is disclosed an offence under any other written law, not being an offence under this Act, regardless whether the offence is committed by the same person or any other person, the officer of the Agency responsible for the investigation or proceedings, as the case may be, shall notify the Public Prosecutor who may issue such directions as he thinks fit. 4. For the purpose of this Act- (a) where an order, a certificate or any other act is required to be given, issued or done by an officer in charge of a Police District under any written law,  such order, certificate or act may be given, issued or done by a senior officer of the Agency, and for such purpose, the place where the order, certificate or act was given, issued or done shall be deemed to be a Police District under his charge; (b) an officer of the Agency shall have all the powers conferred on an officer in charge of a police station under any written law, and for 10 Act No. 344/1967 9 such purpose the office of such officer shall be deemed to be a police station. 5. For the avoidance of doubt, it is declared that for the purposes of this Act an officer of the Agency shall have all the powers of a police officer of whatever rank as provided for under the Criminal Procedure Code and the Registration of Criminals and Undesirable Persons Act 196911, and such powers shall be in addition to the powers provided for under this Act and not in derogation thereof, but in the event of any inconsistency or conflict between the provisions of this Act and those of the Criminal Procedure Code, the provisions of this Act shall prevail. Section 8 It shall be the duty of the Director-General and the officers of the Agency to- (a) receive and consider any report of the commission of an offence under this Act and investigate such of the reports as the Director-General or  officers  consider practicable; (b) detect and investigate- (i) any suspected offence under this Act; (ii) any suspected attempt to commit an offence under this Act; and (iii) any suspected conspiracy to commit any offence under this Act; (c) examine the practices, systems and procedures of public bodies in order to facilitate the discovery of offences under this Act and to secure the revision of such practices, systems or procedures as in the opinion of the Director-General may be  conducive  to corruption; 11 Cap. 6, Act no. 7/1967. 10 (d) instruct, advise and assist any person, on the latter's request, on ways in which corruption may be eliminated by such person; (e) advise heads of public bodies of any changes in practices, systems or procedures compatible with the effective discharge of the duties of the public bodies as the Director-General thinks necessary to reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of corruption; (f) educate the public against corruption; and (g) enlist and foster public support in combating corruption. Section 9 The Director-General may issue administrative orders to be called  "Standing Orders", not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act,  on the general control, training, duties and responsibilities of officers of the Agency, and for such other matters as may be necessary or expedient for the good administration of the Agency or for the prevention of the abuse of power or neglect of duty, and generally for ensuring the efficient and effective functioning of the Agency. PART III OFFENCES AND PENALTIES Section 10 Any person who by himself, or by or in conjunction with any other person- (a) corruptly solicits or receives or agrees to receive for himself or for any other person; or (b) corruptly gives, promises or offers to any person whether for the benefit of that person or of another person, any gratification as an inducement to or a reward for, or otherwise on account of- (aa) any person doing or forbearing to do anything 11 in respect of any matter or transaction, actual or proposed or likely to take place; or (bb) any officer of a public body doing or forbearing to do anything in respect of any matter or transaction, actual or proposed or likely to take place, in which the public body is concerned, shall be guilty of an offence. Section 11 If- (a) any agent corruptly accepts or obtains, or agrees to accept or attempts to obtain, from any person, for himself or for any other person, any gratification as an inducement or a reward for doing or forbearing to do, or for having done or forborne to do, any act in relation to his principal's affairs or business, or for showing or forbearing to show favour or disfavour to any person in relation to his principal's affairs or business; (b) any person corruptly gives or agrees to give or offers any gratification to any agent as an inducement or a reward for doing or forbearing to do, or for having done or forbone to do any act in relation to his principal's affairs or business, or for Showing or forbearing to show favour or disfavour to any person in relation to his principal's affairs or business; or (c) any person knowingly gives to an agent, or if an agent knowingly uses with intent to deceive his principal, any receipt, account or other document in respect of which the principal is interested, and which contains any statement which is false or erroneous or defective in any material particular, and which to his knowledge is intended to mislead the principal, he shall be guilty of an offence. Section 12 1. Where in any proceedings against any agent for any offence under paragraph 11(a) it is proved that he corruptly accepted, obtained or agreed to accept or 12 attempted to obtain any ratification having reason to believe or suspect that the gratification was offered as an inducement or a reward for his doing or forbearing to do any act or for showing or forbearing to show any favour or disfavour to any person in relation to his principal's affairs or business he shall be guilty of an offence under that paragraph notwithstanding that- (a) he did not have the power, right or opportunity so to do, show or forbear; (b) he accepted  the gratification without intending so to do, show or forbear; (c) he did not in fact so do, how or forbear; or (d) the act, favour or disfavour was not in relation to his principal's affairs or business. 2. Where in any proceedings against any person for any offence under paragraph 11(b) it is proved that he corruptly gave, agreed to give or offered any gratification to any agent as an inducement or a reward for doing or forbearing to do any act or for showing or forbearing to show any favour or disfavour to any person having reason to believe or suspect that the agent had the power, right or opportunity so to do, show or forbear and that the act, favour or disfavour was in relation to his principal's affairs or business he shall be guilty of an offence under that paragraph notwithstanding that the agent had no power, right or opportunity or that the act, favour or disfavour was not in relation to his principal's affairs or business. Section 13 A person- (a) who, with intent to obtain from any public body a contract for performing any work, providing any service, doing anything, or supplying any article, material or substance, offers any gratification to any person who has made a tender for the contract,  as an inducement or a reward for his withdrawing the tender; or (b) who solicits or accepts any gratification as an inducement or a reward for his withdrawing 13 a tender made by him for such contract, shall be guilty of an offence. Section 14 Any person who offers to an officer of any public body, or being an officer of any public body solicits or accepts, any gratification as an inducement or a reward for; (a) the officer voting or abstaining from voting at any meeting of the public body in favour of or against any measure, resolution or question submitted to the public body; (b) the officer performing or abstaining from performing or aiding in procuring, expediting, delaying,  hindering or preventing the performance of, any official act; (c) the officer aiding in procuring or preventing the passing of any vote or the granting of any contract or advantage in favour of any person; or (d) the officer showing or forbearing to show any favour or disfavour in his capacity as such officer, shall, notwithstanding that the officer did not have the power, right or opportunity so to do, show or forbear, or that the inducement or reward was not in relation to the affairs of the public body, be guilty of an offence. Section 15 1. Any officer of a public body who uses his office or position for any gratification shall be guilty of an offence. 2. For the purposes of subsection (1), an officer of a public body shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, to use his office or position for gratification when he makes any decision, or takes any action, in relation to any matter in which such officer, or any relative or associate of his, has an interest, whether directly or indirectly. 3. For the avoidance of doubt, it is declared that, for the purposes of subsection (1), any member of the administration of a State shall be deemed to use his 14 office or position for gratification when he acts contrary to subsection 2(8) of the Eighth Schedule to the Federal Constitution or the equivalent provision in the Constitution or Laws of the Constitution of that State. 4. This section shall not apply to an officer who holds office in a public body as a representative of another public body which has the control or partial control over the first-mentioned public body in respect of any matter or thing done in his capacity as such representative for the interest or advantage of that other public body. Section 16 Any person who is found guilty of an offence under section 10, 11, 13, 14 or 15 shall on conviction be liable to; (a) imprisonment for a term of not less than fourteen days and not more than twenty years; and (b) a fine of not less than five times the sum or value of the gratification which is the subject-matter of the offence where such gratification is capable of being valued or is of a pecuniary nature, or ten thousand ringgit, whichever is the higher. Section 17 1. Any officer of a public body to whom any gratification is given, promised, or offered, in contravention of any provision of this Act shall report such gift, promise or offer together with the name, if known, of the person who gave, promised or offered such gratification to him to the nearest officer of the Agency or police officer. 2. Any person who fails to comply with subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction on on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years or to both. 3. Any person from whom any gratification has been solicited or obtained, or an attempt has been made to 15 obtain such gratification, in contravention of any provision of this Act shall at the earliest opportunity thereafter report such soliciting or obtaining of, or attempt to obtain, the gratification together with the full and true description and, if known, the name of the person who solicited, or obtained, or attempted to obtain, the gratification from him to the nearest officer of the Agency or police officer. 4. Any person who fails, without reasonable excuse, to comply with subsection (3) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to both. Section 18 Any person who, whether within or outside Malaysia, whether directly or indirectly, whether on behalf of himself or on behalf of any other person, enters into, or causes to be entered into, any dealing in relation to any property, or otherwise uses or causes to be used, or holds, receives, or conceals any property or any part thereof which was the subject-matter of an offence under section 10, 11, 13, 14 or 15 shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years or to both. Section 19 1. Where any person makes or causes any other person to make to an officer of the Agency or to the Public Prosecutor, in the course of such officer or Public Prosecutor exercising any power conferred by this Act, any statement which to the knowledge of the person making the statement, or causing the statement to be made- (a) is false, or intended to mislead; or (b) is not consistent with any other statement previously made by such person to any other person having authority or power under any law, or otherwise, to receive, or require to be made, such other statement regardless whether or not the person making the statement is under any legal or other obligation to tell the truth, 16 he shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years or to both. 2. Where any person, who has made a statement to an officer of the Agency or to the Public Prosecutor, in the course of such officer or Public Prosecutor exercising any power conferred by this Act, subsequently thereto makes any other statement to any person having authority or power under any law, or otherwise, to receive, or require to be made, such other statement, regardless whether or not the person making the statement is under a legal or other obligation to tell the truth, he shall, if such other statement is inconsistent with any statement previously made to an officer of the Agency or the Public Prosecutor, be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years or to both. 3. For the avoidance of doubt, it is declared that for the purposes of paragraph (1)(b) and subsection (2), any statement made in the course of any legal proceedings before any court, whether civil or criminal, or any statement made by any person in the course of any disciplinary proceedings, whether such legal proceedings or disciplinary proceedings are against the person making the statement or against any other person, shall be deemed to be a statement made to a person having authority or power under law to receive the statement so made. Section 20 1. Any person who; (a) attempts to commit any offence under this Act; (b) does any act preparatory to or in furtherance of the commission of any offence under this Act; or (c) abets or is engaged in a criminal conspiracy to commit any offence under this Act, shall be guilty of such offence and shall on conviction be liable to the punishment provided for such offence. 17 2. Any provision of this Act which contains a reference to an offence under any specific provision of this Act shall be read as including a reference to an offence under subsection (1) in relation to the offence under that specific provision. 3. Paragraph (1)(a) shall not apply where an attempt to do any act is expressly made an offence under this Act, and paragraph (1)(c) shall not apply to the case of an abetment of an offence as provided for under section 164 of the Penal Code12. PART IV INVESTIGATION, SEARCH, SEIZURE AND ARREST Section 21 1. Every report relating to the commission of an offence under this Act may be made orally or in writing to an officer of the Agency, and if made orally it shall be reduced into writing and read over to the person making the report; and every report, whether in writing or reduced into writing, shall be signed by the person making the report. 2. Every report, whether in writing or reduced into writing, shall be entered in a book kept at the office of the Agency and there shall be appended to such entry the date and hour on which such report was made. 3. Where an officer of the Agency has reason to suspect the commission of an offence under this Act following a report made under subsection (1) or information otherwise received by him, he shall cause investigation to be made and for such purpose may exercise all the powers of investigation provided for under this Act and the Criminal Procedure Code. 4. A report made under subsection (1) shall be kept secret and shall not be disclosed by any person to any 12 Act No. 574, Section 164, Penal Code. 18 person other than officers of the Agency and the Public Prosecutor until an accused person has been charged in court for an offence under this Act or any other written law in consequence of such report. 5. A copy, which is certified by an officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Superintendent, of an entry under subsection (2) of a report under subsection (1) shall be admissible as evidence of the contents of the original and of the time, place and manner in which the report was recorded. Section 22 1. An officer of the Agency investigating an offence under this Act may; (a) order any person to attend before him for the purpose of being examined orally in relation to any matter which may, in his opinion, assist in the investigation into the offence; (b) order any person to produce before him any book, document or any certified copy thereof, or any other article which may, in his opinion, assist in the investigation into the offence; or (c) by written notice require any person to furnish a statement in writing made on oath or affirmation setting out therein all such information which may be required under the notice, being information which, in such officer's opinion, would be of assistance in the investigation into the offence. 2. Paragraph (1)(b) shall not apply to banker's books. 3. A person to whom an order under paragraph (1)(a) has been given shall; (a) attend in accordance with the terms of the order to be examined, and shall continue to attend from day to day where so directed until the examination is completed; and (b) during such  examination, disclose all information which is within his knowledge, or which is available to him, in respect of the matter in relation to which he is being 19 examined, and answer any question put to him truthfully and to the best of his knowledge and belief, and shall not refuse to answer any question on the ground that it tends to incriminate him or his spouse. 4. A person to whom an order has been given under paragraph (1)(b) shall not conceal, destroy, alter, remove from Malaysia, or deal with, expend, or dispose of, any book, document, or article specified in the order, or alter or deface any entry in any such book or document, or cause such act to be done, or assist or conspire to do such act. 5. A person to whom a written notice has been given under paragraph (1)(c) shall, in his statement, furnish and disclose truthfully all information required under the notice which is within his knowledge, or which is available to him, or which is capable of being obtained by him, and shall not refuse to furnish or disclose the information on the ground that it tends to incriminate him or his spouse. 6. A person to whom an order or a notice is given under subsection (1) shall comply with such order or notice and  with subsections (3), (4) and (5), notwithstanding any written law or rule of law to the contrary. 7. Where any person discloses any information or produces any book, document or article ursuant to subsections (1), (3) and (5), neither the first- mentioned person, nor any other person on whose behalf or direction or as whose agent or employee the first-mentioned person may be acting, shall, on account of such disclosure or production, be liable to any prosecution, except a prosecution for an offence under section 19, for any offence under or by virtue of any written law, or to any proceeding or claim by any person under or by virtue of any law or under or by virtue of any contract, agreement or arrangement, or otherwise. 8. An officer of the Agency examining a person under paragraph (1)(a) shall record in writing any statement made by the person and the statement so recorded shall be read to and signed by the person, and where such person refuses to sign the record, the officer shall endorse thereon under his hand the fact of such refusal and the reasons therefor, if any, stated by the person examined. 20 9. The record of an examination under paragraph (1)(a), or a written statement on oath or affirmation made pursuant to paragraph (1)(c), or any book, document or article produced under paragraph (1)(b) or otherwise in the course of an examination under paragraph (1)(a), or under a written statement on oath or affirmation made pursuant to paragraph (1)(c), shall, notwithstanding any written law or rule of law to the contrary, be admissible in evidence in any proceedings n any court- (a) for an offence under this Act; or (b) for the forfeiture of property pursuant to section 36 or 37, regardless whether such proceedings are against the person who was examined, or who produced the book, document or article, or who made the written statement on oath or affirmation, or against any other person. 10. Any person who contravenes this section shall be guilty of an offence. Section 23 1. Whenever it appears to the Public Prosecutor upon information, and after such inquiry as he thinks necessary, that there is reasonable cause to suspect that in any place there is any evidence of the commission of an offence under this Act, he may by written order direct an officer of the Agency to- (a) enter any premises and there search for, seize and take possession of, any book, document or other article; (b) inspect, make copies of, or take extracts from, any book, record or document; (c) search any person who is in or on such premises, and for the purpose of such search detain such person and remove him to such place as may be necessary to facilitate such search, and seize and detain any article found on such person; (d) break open, examine, and search any article, 21 container or receptacle; or (e) stop, search, and seize any conveyance. 2. Whenever it is necessary so to do, an officer of the Agency exercising any power under subsection (1) may; (a) break open any outer or inner door or window of any premises and enter thereinto, or otherwise forcibly enter the premises and every part thereof; (b) remove by force any obstruction to such entry, search, seizure or removal as he is empowered to effect; or (c) detain any person found in or on any premises, or in any conveyance, searched under subsection (1), until such premises or conveyance has been searched. 3. Whenever it appears to an officer of the Agency that there is reasonable cause to suspect that there is concealed or deposited in any place any evidence of the commission of any offence under this Act and such officer has reasonable grounds for believing that by reason of delay in obtaining a written order of the Public Prosecutor under subsection (1) the object of the search is likely to be frustrated, he may exercise in and in respect of such place, all the powers mentioned in subsections (1) and (2) as if he were directed to do so by an order issued under subsection(1). 4. No person shall be searched under this section or under section 22 except by a person who is of the same gender as the person to be searched. Section 24 1. Where an officer of the Agency finds, seizes, detains or takes possession of any book or document in the exercise of any power under this Act, and such book or document or any part thereof is in a language other than the national language or the English language, or in any sign or code, the officer may require the person who had possession, custody or control of such book or document to furnish to the officer a translation in the national language of such 22 book or document within such period as, in the opinion of the officer, would be reasonable having regard to the length of the book or document, or other circumstances relating to it. 2. No person shall knowingly furnish a translation under subsection (1) which is not an accurate, faithful and true translation, or knowingly make a translation under that subsection which is not accurate, faithful and true. 3. Where the person required to furnish a translation under subsection (1) is not the person who is suspected to have committed the offence under investigation, the Agency may reimburse him for such reasonable expenses as he may have incurred in, furnishing the translation. Section 25 1. In the course of an investigation into an offence under this Act any movable property which any officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Investigator has reasonable grounds to suspect to be the subject-matter of an offence or evidence relating to the offence shall be liable to seizure. 2. A list of all movable property seized pursuant to subsection (1) and of the places in which they are respectively found shall be prepared by the officer of the Agency effecting the seizure and signed by him. 3. A copy of the list referred to in subsection (2) shall be served on the owner of such property or on the person from whom the property was seized as soon as possible. 4. Where any movable property liable to seizure under subsection (2) is in the possession, custody or control of a bank, subsections (1), (2) and (3) shall not apply thereto and the seizure shall be effected in the manner provided for in section 33. Section 26 1. Where any movable property is seized under this Act, the seizure shall be effected by removing the movable property from the possession, custody or control of the person from whom it is seized and 23 placing it under the custody of such person or authority and at such place as an officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Assistant Superintendent may determine. 2. Where it is not practicable, or it is otherwise not desirable, to effect removal of any property under subsection (1), the officer referred to in that subsection may leave it at the premises in which it is seized under the custody of such person as he may detail for the purpose. 3. Notwithstanding subsection (1), when any movable property, including any movable property referred to in subsection (6), has been seized under this Act, an officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Superintendent, other than the officer who effected the seizure, may at his discretion- (a) temporarily return the movable property to the owner thereof, or to the person from whose possession, custody or control it was seized, or to such person as may be entitled thereto, subject to such tenns and conditions as may be imposed, and, subject, in any case, to sufficient security being furnished to ensure that the movable property shall be surrendered on demand being made by the officer who authorised the release and that such terms and conditions, if any, shall be complied with; or (b) return the movable property to the owner thereof, or to the person from whose possession, custody or control it was seized, or to such person as may be entitled thereto, with liberty for the person to whom the movable property is so returned to dispose of the property, such return being subject to security being furnished in an amount not less than an amount which represents the open market value of such property on the date on which it is so returned. 4. Where any person to whom movable property is temporarily returned under paragraph (3)(a) fails to surrender such property on demand or comply with any term or condition imposed under that paragraph- (a) the security furnished in respect of such property shall be forfeited; and 24 (b) that person shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine of not less than two times the amount of the security furnished by him, and to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years. 5. Where an order of forfeiture is made by the court in respect of property returned under paragraph (3)(b), such forfeiture shall be effected by forfeiting the security furnished by the person to whom the property was returned. 6. When any movable property seized under this Act consists of money,  shares, securities, stocks, debentures or any chose-in-action, in the possession or under the custody or control of any person other than the person against whom the prosecution is intended to be taken, the seizure shall be effected by an officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Assistant Superintendent serving an order on such person- (a) prohibiting him from using, transferring, or dealing with such property; or (b) requiring him to surrender the property to an officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Assistant Superintendent in the manner and within the time specified in the order. 7. Where any movable property seized is liable to speedy decay or deterioration, or is property which cannot be maintained without difficulty, or which is not practicable to maintain, and which cannot be dealt with under subsection (3), an officer of the Agency of or above the rank of Superintendent may sell or cause to be sold the property and shall hold the proceeds of the sale, after deducting therefrom the costs and expenses of the maintenance and sale of the property, to abide the result of any proceedings under this Act. Section 27 1. Notwithstanding any other written law, a Judge of the High Court may, on application being made to him in relation to an investigation into any offence under this Act, order an advocate and solicitor to disclose information available to him in respect of any transaction or dealing relating to any property which is liable to seizure under this Act. 25 2. Nothing in subsection (1) shall require an advocate and solicitor to comply with any order under that subsection to the extent that such compliance would disclose any  privileged information or communication which came to his knowledge for the purpose of any pending proceedings. Section 28 Subject to such limitation as is provided under this Act, every person required by an officer of the Agency or a police officer to give any information on any subject which it is such officer's duty to inquire into under this Act and which is in that person's power to give, shall be legally bound to give the information. Section 29 Any person who; (a) refuses any officer of the Agency access to any premises, or fails to submit to a search by a person authorised to search him under this Act; (b) assaults, obstructs, hinders or delays any officer of the Agency in the execution of his duty under this Act; (c) fails to comply with any lawful demand, notice, order or requirement of an officer of the Agency in the execution of his duty under this Act; (d) omits, refuses or neglects to give to an officer of the Agency any information which may reasonably be required of him and which he is empowered to give; (e) fails to produce to , or conceals or attempts to conceal from, an officer of the Agency, any book, document, or article, in relation to which such officer has reasonable grounds for suspecting that an offence under this Act has been or is being committed, or which is liable to seizure under this Act; (f) rescues or endeavours to rescue or causes to be rescued any thing which has been duly 26 seized; or (g) destroys any thing to prevent the seizure thereof, or the securing of the thing, shall be guilty of an offence. Section 30 1. Every offence under this Act shall be a seizable offence for the purposes of the Criminal Procedure Code. 2. Every person arrested under subsection (1) may be released from custody- (a) on his depositing such reasonable sum of money as an officer of the Agency may require; (b) on his executing a bond, with or without sureties, as an officer of the Agency may require; or (c) on his depositing such reasonable sum of money as an officer of the Agency may require and his executing a bond, with or without sureties, as an officer of the Agency may require. 3. Any person who has been released from custody under subsection (2) may be arrested without warrant by any officer of the Agency- (a) if such officer has reasonable grounds for believing that any condition on or subject to which such person was released or otherwise admitted to bail has been or is likely to be broken; or (b) on being notified in writing by the surety of such person that such person is likely to break any condition on or subject to which such person was released and that surety wishes to be relieved of his obligation as surety. 4. Any person arrested under subsection (3) and is not released shall, without unreasonable delay, and in any case within twenty-four hours (excluding the time of any necessary journey) be produced before a Magistrate's Court and if it appears to the Court that any condition on or subject to which such person was 27 released or otherwise admitted to bail has been or is likely to be broken, the Court may- (a) remand such person in custody; or (b) admit such